google-nomulus/java/google/registry/rdap/RdapActionBase.java

// Copyright 2017 The Nomulus Authors. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package google.registry.rdap;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import static com.google.common.net.HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN;
import static google.registry.model.ofy.ObjectifyService.ofy;
import static google.registry.model.registry.Registries.findTldForName;
import static google.registry.model.registry.Registries.getTlds;
import static google.registry.util.DateTimeUtils.END_OF_TIME;
import static google.registry.util.DomainNameUtils.canonicalizeDomainName;
import static javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.SC_BAD_REQUEST;
import static javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
import static javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse.SC_OK;

import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import com.google.common.net.InternetDomainName;
import com.google.common.net.MediaType;
import com.google.re2j.Pattern;
import com.googlecode.objectify.Key;
import com.googlecode.objectify.cmd.Query;
import google.registry.config.RegistryConfig.Config;
import google.registry.model.EppResource;
import google.registry.model.registrar.Registrar;
import google.registry.rdap.RdapSearchResults.IncompletenessWarningType;
import google.registry.request.Action;
import google.registry.request.HttpException;
import google.registry.request.HttpException.BadRequestException;
import google.registry.request.HttpException.NotFoundException;
import google.registry.request.HttpException.UnprocessableEntityException;
import google.registry.request.Parameter;
import google.registry.request.RequestMethod;
import google.registry.request.RequestPath;
import google.registry.request.Response;
import google.registry.request.auth.AuthResult;
import google.registry.request.auth.UserAuthInfo;
import google.registry.ui.server.registrar.SessionUtils;
import google.registry.util.FormattingLogger;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.json.simple.JSONValue;

/**
 * Base RDAP (new WHOIS) action for single-item domain, nameserver and entity requests.
 *
 * @see <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7482">
 *        RFC 7482: Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) Query Format</a>
 */
public abstract class RdapActionBase implements Runnable {

  private static final FormattingLogger logger = FormattingLogger.getLoggerForCallerClass();

  /**
   * Pattern for checking LDH names, which must officially contains only alphanumeric plus dots and
   * hyphens. In this case, allow the wildcard asterisk as well.
   */
  static final Pattern LDH_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("[-.a-zA-Z0-9*]+");

  private static final MediaType RESPONSE_MEDIA_TYPE = MediaType.create("application", "rdap+json");

  @Inject HttpServletRequest request;
  @Inject Response response;
  @Inject @RequestMethod Action.Method requestMethod;
  @Inject @RequestPath String requestPath;
  @Inject AuthResult authResult;
  @Inject SessionUtils sessionUtils;
  @Inject RdapJsonFormatter rdapJsonFormatter;
  @Inject @Parameter("registrar") Optional<String> registrarParam;
  @Inject @Parameter("includeDeleted") Optional<Boolean> includeDeletedParam;
  @Inject @Config("rdapLinkBase") String rdapLinkBase;
  @Inject @Config("rdapWhoisServer") @Nullable String rdapWhoisServer;
  @Inject @Config("rdapResultSetMaxSize") int rdapResultSetMaxSize;

  /** Returns a string like "domain name" or "nameserver", used for error strings. */
  abstract String getHumanReadableObjectTypeName();

  /** Returns the servlet action path; used to extract the search string from the incoming path. */
  abstract String getActionPath();

  /**
   * Does the actual search and returns an RDAP JSON object.
   *
   * @param pathSearchString the search string in the URL path
   * @param isHeadRequest whether the returned map will actually be used. HTTP HEAD requests don't
   *        actually return anything. However, we usually still want to go through the process of
   *        building a map, to make sure that the request would return a 500 status if it were
   *        invoked using GET. So this field should usually be ignored, unless there's some
   *        expensive task required to create the map which will never result in a request failure.
   * @param linkBase the base URL for RDAP link structures
   * @return A map (probably containing nested maps and lists) with the final JSON response data.
   */
  abstract ImmutableMap<String, Object> getJsonObjectForResource(
      String pathSearchString, boolean isHeadRequest, String linkBase);

  @Override
  public void run() {
    try {
      // Extract what we're searching for from the request path. Some RDAP commands use trailing
      // data in the path itself (e.g. /rdap/domain/mydomain.com), and some use the query string
      // (e.g. /rdap/domains?name=mydomain); the query parameters are extracted by the subclasses
      // directly as needed.
      response.setHeader(ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN, "*");
      URI uri = new URI(requestPath);
      String pathProper = uri.getPath();
      checkArgument(
          pathProper.startsWith(getActionPath()),
          "%s doesn't start with %s", pathProper, getActionPath());
      ImmutableMap<String, Object> rdapJson =
          getJsonObjectForResource(
              pathProper.substring(getActionPath().length()),
              requestMethod == Action.Method.HEAD,
              rdapLinkBase);
      response.setStatus(SC_OK);
      if (requestMethod != Action.Method.HEAD) {
        response.setPayload(JSONValue.toJSONString(rdapJson));
      }
      response.setContentType(RESPONSE_MEDIA_TYPE);
    } catch (HttpException e) {
      setError(e.getResponseCode(), e.getResponseCodeString(), e.getMessage());
    } catch (URISyntaxException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
      setError(SC_BAD_REQUEST, "Bad Request", "Not a valid " + getHumanReadableObjectTypeName());
    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
      setError(SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "Internal Server Error", "An error was encountered");
      logger.severe(e, "Exception encountered while processing RDAP command");
    }
  }

  void setError(int status, String title, String description) {
    response.setStatus(status);
    try {
      if (requestMethod != Action.Method.HEAD) {
        response.setPayload(
            JSONValue.toJSONString(rdapJsonFormatter.makeError(status, title, description)));
      }
      response.setContentType(RESPONSE_MEDIA_TYPE);
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      if (requestMethod != Action.Method.HEAD) {
        response.setPayload("");
      }
    }
  }

  RdapAuthorization getAuthorization() {
    if (!authResult.userAuthInfo().isPresent()) {
      return RdapAuthorization.PUBLIC_AUTHORIZATION;
    }
    UserAuthInfo userAuthInfo = authResult.userAuthInfo().get();
    if (userAuthInfo.isUserAdmin()) {
      return RdapAuthorization.ADMINISTRATOR_AUTHORIZATION;
    }
    if (!sessionUtils.checkRegistrarConsoleLogin(request, userAuthInfo)) {
      return RdapAuthorization.PUBLIC_AUTHORIZATION;
    }
    String clientId = sessionUtils.getRegistrarClientId(request);
    Optional<Registrar> registrar = Registrar.loadByClientIdCached(clientId);
    if (!registrar.isPresent()) {
      return RdapAuthorization.PUBLIC_AUTHORIZATION;
    }
    return RdapAuthorization.create(RdapAuthorization.Role.REGISTRAR, clientId);
  }

  /** Returns the registrar on which results should be filtered, or absent(). */
  Optional<String> getDesiredRegistrar() {
    return registrarParam;
  }

  /**
   * Returns true if the query should include deleted items.
   *
   * <p>This is true only if the request specified an includeDeleted parameter of true, AND is
   * eligible to see deleted information. Admins can see all deleted information, while
   * authenticated registrars can see only their own deleted information. Note that if this method
   * returns true, it just means that some deleted information might be viewable. If this is a
   * registrar request, the caller must still verify that the registrar can see each particular
   * item by calling {@link RdapAuthorization#isAuthorizedForClientId}.
   */
  boolean shouldIncludeDeleted() {
    // If includeDeleted is not specified, or set to false, we don't need to go any further.
    if (!includeDeletedParam.orElse(false)) {
      return false;
    }
    if (!authResult.userAuthInfo().isPresent()) {
      return false;
    }
    UserAuthInfo userAuthInfo = authResult.userAuthInfo().get();
    if (userAuthInfo.isUserAdmin()) {
      return true;
    }
    if (!sessionUtils.checkRegistrarConsoleLogin(request, userAuthInfo)) {
      return false;
    }
    String clientId = sessionUtils.getRegistrarClientId(request);
    checkState(
        Registrar.loadByClientIdCached(clientId).isPresent(),
        "Registrar with clientId %s doesn't exist",
        clientId);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Returns true if the EPP resource should be visible. This is true iff:
   * 1. The resource is not deleted, or the request wants to see deleted items, and is authorized to
   *    do so, and:
   * 2. The request did not specify a registrar to filter on, or the registrar matches.
   */
  boolean shouldBeVisible(EppResource eppResource, DateTime now) {
    return (now.isBefore(eppResource.getDeletionTime())
            || (shouldIncludeDeleted()
                && getAuthorization()
                    .isAuthorizedForClientId(eppResource.getPersistedCurrentSponsorClientId())))
        && (!registrarParam.isPresent()
            || registrarParam.get().equals(eppResource.getPersistedCurrentSponsorClientId()));
  }

  /**
   * Returns true if the registrar should be visible. This is true iff:
   * 1. The resource is active and publicly visible, or the request wants to see deleted items, and
   *     is authorized to do so, and:
   * 2. The request did not specify a registrar to filter on, or the registrar matches.
   */
  boolean shouldBeVisible(Registrar registrar) {
    return (registrar.isLiveAndPubliclyVisible()
            || (shouldIncludeDeleted()
                && getAuthorization().isAuthorizedForClientId(registrar.getClientId())))
        && (!registrarParam.isPresent() || registrarParam.get().equals(registrar.getClientId()));
  }

  void validateDomainName(String name) {
    try {
      Optional<InternetDomainName> tld = findTldForName(InternetDomainName.from(name));
      if (!tld.isPresent() || !getTlds().contains(tld.get().toString())) {
        throw new NotFoundException(name + " not found");
      }
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
      throw new BadRequestException(
          name + " is not a valid " + getHumanReadableObjectTypeName());
    }
  }

  String canonicalizeName(String name) {
    name = canonicalizeDomainName(name);
    if (name.endsWith(".")) {
      name = name.substring(0, name.length() - 1);
    }
    return name;
  }

  /**
   * Handles prefix searches in cases where, if we need to filter out deleted items, there are no
   * pending deletes. In such cases, it is sufficient to check whether {@code deletionTime} is equal
   * to {@code END_OF_TIME}, because any other value means it has already been deleted. This allows
   * us to use an equality query for the deletion time.
   *
   * @param clazz the type of resource to be queried
   * @param filterField the database field of interest
   * @param partialStringQuery the details of the search string; if there is no wildcard, an
   *        equality query is used; if there is a wildcard, a range query is used instead; the
   *        initial string should not be empty, and any search suffix will be ignored, so the caller
   *        must filter the results if a suffix is specified
   * @param includeDeleted whether to search for deleted items as well
   * @param resultSetMaxSize the maximum number of results to return
   * @return the results of the query
   */
  static <T extends EppResource> Query<T> queryItems(
      Class<T> clazz,
      String filterField,
      RdapSearchPattern partialStringQuery,
      boolean includeDeleted,
      int resultSetMaxSize) {
    if (partialStringQuery.getInitialString().length()
        < RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH) {
      throw new UnprocessableEntityException(
          String.format(
              "Initial search string must be at least %d characters",
              RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH));
    }
    Query<T> query = ofy().load().type(clazz);
    if (!partialStringQuery.getHasWildcard()) {
      query = query.filter(filterField, partialStringQuery.getInitialString());
    } else {
      // Ignore the suffix; the caller will need to filter on the suffix, if any.
      query = query
          .filter(filterField + " >=", partialStringQuery.getInitialString())
          .filter(filterField + " <", partialStringQuery.getNextInitialString());
    }
    if (!includeDeleted) {
      query = query.filter("deletionTime", END_OF_TIME);
    }
    return query.limit(resultSetMaxSize);
  }

  /** Variant of queryItems using a simple string rather than an {@link RdapSearchPattern}. */
  static <T extends EppResource> Query<T> queryItems(
      Class<T> clazz,
      String filterField,
      String queryString,
      boolean includeDeleted,
      int resultSetMaxSize) {
    if (queryString.length() < RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH) {
      throw new UnprocessableEntityException(
          String.format(
              "Initial search string must be at least %d characters",
              RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH));
    }
    Query<T> query = ofy().load().type(clazz).filter(filterField, queryString);
    return setOtherQueryAttributes(query, includeDeleted, resultSetMaxSize);
  }

  /** Variant of queryItems where the field to be searched is the key. */
  static <T extends EppResource> Query<T> queryItemsByKey(
      Class<T> clazz,
      RdapSearchPattern partialStringQuery,
      boolean includeDeleted,
      int resultSetMaxSize) {
    if (partialStringQuery.getInitialString().length()
        < RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH) {
      throw new UnprocessableEntityException(
          String.format(
              "Initial search string must be at least %d characters",
              RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH));
    }
    Query<T> query = ofy().load().type(clazz);
    if (!partialStringQuery.getHasWildcard()) {
      query = query.filterKey("=", Key.create(clazz, partialStringQuery.getInitialString()));
    } else {
      // Ignore the suffix; the caller will need to filter on the suffix, if any.
      query = query
          .filterKey(">=", Key.create(clazz, partialStringQuery.getInitialString()))
          .filterKey("<", Key.create(clazz, partialStringQuery.getNextInitialString()));
    }
    return setOtherQueryAttributes(query, includeDeleted, resultSetMaxSize);
  }

  /** Variant of queryItems searching for a key by a simple string. */
  static <T extends EppResource> Query<T> queryItemsByKey(
      Class<T> clazz,
      String queryString,
      boolean includeDeleted,
      int resultSetMaxSize) {
    if (queryString.length() < RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH) {
      throw new UnprocessableEntityException(
          String.format(
              "Initial search string must be at least %d characters",
              RdapSearchPattern.MIN_INITIAL_STRING_LENGTH));
    }
    Query<T> query = ofy().load().type(clazz).filterKey("=", Key.create(clazz, queryString));
    return setOtherQueryAttributes(query, includeDeleted, resultSetMaxSize);
  }

  private static <T extends EppResource> Query<T> setOtherQueryAttributes(
      Query<T> query, boolean includeDeleted, int resultSetMaxSize) {
    if (!includeDeleted) {
      query = query.filter("deletionTime", END_OF_TIME);
    }
    return query.limit(resultSetMaxSize);
  }

  /**
   * Runs the given query, and checks for permissioning if necessary.
   *
   * @param query an already-defined query to be run; a filter on currentSponsorClientId will be
   *        added if appropriate
   * @param now the time as of which to evaluate the query
   * @return an {@link RdapResourcesAndIncompletenessWarningType} object containing the list of
   *         resources and an incompleteness warning flag, which is set to MIGHT_BE_INCOMPLETE iff
   *         any resources were excluded due to lack of visibility, and the resulting list of
   *         resources is less than the maximum allowable, which indicates that we may not have
   *         fetched enough resources
   */
  <T extends EppResource> RdapResourcesAndIncompletenessWarningType<T> getMatchingResources(
      Query<T> query, DateTime now) {
    Optional<String> desiredRegistrar = getDesiredRegistrar();
    if (desiredRegistrar.isPresent()) {
      query = query.filter("currentSponsorClientId", desiredRegistrar.get());
    }
    if (!shouldIncludeDeleted()) {
      return RdapResourcesAndIncompletenessWarningType.create(query.list());
    }
    // If we are including deleted resources, we need to check that we're authorized for each one.
    List<T> resources = new ArrayList<>();
    boolean someExcluded = false;
    for (T resource : query) {
      if (shouldBeVisible(resource, now)) {
        resources.add(resource);
      } else {
        someExcluded = true;
      }
      if (resources.size() > rdapResultSetMaxSize) {
        break;
      }
    }
    return RdapResourcesAndIncompletenessWarningType.create(
        resources,
        (someExcluded && (resources.size() < rdapResultSetMaxSize + 1))
            ? IncompletenessWarningType.MIGHT_BE_INCOMPLETE
            : IncompletenessWarningType.NONE);
  }
}